Who has the most bitcoins? Galaxy doesn’t know its owners 55%

  • Galaxy Research did not attribute approximately 11.1 million BTC, or 55% of mined coins, to people or institutions known to it.
  • The remaining 45% includes, among others: stock exchanges, ETFs, the US government and coins from the early days of the web. The largest single position in the ranking was assigned to the “Patoshi” pattern, associated with Satoshi.
  • Unrecognized resources may include lost coins, savings of people with their own wallets, and funds of companies that analysts have not yet identified.

Despite growing purchases by institutions, Galaxy Research still cannot identify the owners of more than half of mined bitcoins. According to the company’s October statement, it amounts to approximately 11.1 million BTC out of approximately 20.1 million mined, or approximately 55% of the supply. The results were commented on on X by the head of Galaxy research, Alex Thorn.

How does Galaxy count owners?

The address is a string of characters to which bitcoins arrive, something like an account number without the name of the owner. Analysts track the addresses of famous stock exchanges, funds, companies and governments. Assigning addresses to specific entities allows you to group resources. The “unattributed” category includes funds that Galaxy has not associated with a recognized entity. This does not mean that they are lost or that no one touches them.

Thorn wrote that more than half of bitcoins are held in addresses with no known owner despite the entry of large institutions into the market. In his opinion, storing coins independently is still common.

Who has the remaining 45%?

Galaxy lists stock exchanges, ETF funds with BlackRock at the forefront, and the US government. The largest single entry in the lineup is approximately 1,123,658 BTC associated with the “Patoshi” pattern. It’s about the similarities in the extraction of early blocks, which researchers link to one miner, often identified with Satoshi Nakamoto. This is not proof of identity or confirmation that one person still controls all of these coins.

For scale: the IBIT fund from BlackRock had approximately 810,000 on October 23. bitcoins according to iShares data, and Strategy has 848,517. Both values ​​are lower than the number of coins assigned to the “Patoshi” pattern. IBIT coins belong to the fund’s investors, not BlackRock itself.

Whose unrecognized coins might be?

It is unknown. This pool may include coins from lost wallets and inheritances of deceased owners. There may also be coins of early miners outside the “Patoshi” pattern. Other possible sources include unrecognized companies and individuals holding bitcoins in their own wallets. One person can have multiple addresses, and one company can keep customer coins spread across thousands.

Galaxy does not specify how much of this pool is lost forever. Therefore, this percentage does not tell you how many bitcoins are actually circulating in the market.

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Are your bitcoins also in this pool?

Self-storage does not determine which category your coins will fall into. Analysts can link the address to the owner based on additional information. The exchange where you have been verified knows your details and the address you provided when withdrawing.

The lack of a public label does not mean anonymity towards the tax administration. From 2026, suppliers subject to reporting obligations will collect data for the exchange of information in accordance with the DAC8 directive.

On Saturday, October 31, it will be 18 years since the publication of the Bitcoin whitepaper. Satoshi’s identity remains unconfirmed, as does the attribution of all coins in the “Patoshi” pattern to him.